Amanda Sherman
as480920@ohio.edu
In today's world with social media and thousands of different news sources, it is easy to see why there are so many manipulated videos out there. The creators of these videos are making them with a purpose to feed fake news to the public. Why? There are many reasons, but it boils down to pushing their beliefs on others. People want to believe they are right and are being told the truth by those they believe in. With hundreds of photoshopping apps, anyone could create these videos. Many of them go viral before they are realized to be fraud.
According to an article in the Washington Post, there are three types of manipulated videos that people need to look out for and I think it is worth discussing further.
The Missing Concept
The article discusses three types of manipulated videos that have been spread. The first is Missing Concept. This is where the video's meaning is being mistaken. There are two types of missing concepts. Misrepresentation, where the video is unaltered but used incorrectly. The other type of missing concept is isolation, which is when a video is aired but just a small clip.
During the Black Lives Matter movement, we saw this a-lot. Video clips and images being shared to cause upset and change the narrative of what was actually happening. For example, a video went viral depicting a woman beating another woman with the tag line "White child kicks black person who was educating his mother on Black Lives Matter." In reality, this video was from an incident in 2014 and had nothing to do with the 2020 movement.
Deceptive Editing
The next type of manipulated video is deceptive editing. This is where the video is edited and re-arranged. There are also two types of deceptive editing. Omission is when a video edits out unwanted parts and the remainder is used as a complete narrative. The second is splicing where two sections of videos are put together and made to look whole.
An example of this can be seen in this video where Fox News was caught editing a speech by President Joe Biden to make it seem like he was making racial remarks.
Malicious Transformation
Finally, there is Malicious Transformation. This is where at least part of the video has been altered to appear different. The two types of this action are doctoring, which is where the video frames are altered by cropping, taking out elements or adding in elements, dubbings, and speed changes to deceive the viewers. There is also fabrication. This is when AI is used to make high quality fake videos like a deep fake video.
This video is a great example of how easy it is to use a political figure or pop culture figure to deceive an audience through a deep fake. These deep fakes have become very hard to recognize with the editing capabilities we have today.
Sharing is Not Alway Caring
One of the biggest problems we have in our tech savvy world is that people tend to share first, and fact check later, if ever. Understanding these types of manipulated videos are out there, as well has having a full comprehension of what we share; we can help make sure we are not furthering the manipulation on to others around us.
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